A Group Of Palestinian Jewish People During The Era...

In this chapter (7) the main focus is a group of Palestinian Jewish people in the era between 323-63 B.C.E. The problem at the forefront of these people’s minds was the influence and thereupon the challenge of Hellenism (pp. 95). In other words, the Greek and Hellenistic leaders were forcing the Jewish people to perform an array of acts against that of which they believed. However, these individuals collaborated an abundance of biblical canonized and non-canonized documents that were later found and referred to as the â€Å"Dead Sea Scrolls† (pp. 98-99). However, this finding helps academics learn more about how this group used the Psalms. I am intrigued that through all of the persecution this community endured, they still involved themselves in the Thanksgiving Psalms. The biblical Psalms had deep influence on some fresh hymns composed within the community: the so-called Thanksgiving Hymns† (pp. 106). This indeed portrays the deep spirituality and Godly discipli ne these people had through times of disorientation. These people also had a sense of hope and faith that God would reign rooted deep in the midst of their community. Through the finding of the Dead Sea Scrolls researchers found several different writings that were adapted from Psalms attracting â€Å"the attention of God† (pp. 105). Many of these writings are adapted from Psalms 24 or 68, for example. The thought at the forefront of their minds was that God was victorious (pp. 106). This is vital to apply in an everShow MoreRelatedIntertestamental Period2955 Words   |  12 PagesSEMINARY BY: LYNCHBURG, VIRGINIA SUNDAY, OCTOBER 9, 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 THE INTERTESTAMENTAL PERIOD†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.1 HEROD THE GREAT’S PALESTINIAN RULE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...7 CONCLUSION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 INTRODUCTION The Intertestamental period is the time between the last book in the Old Testament and the first book in the New Testament. This period is said to be around two centuries or about 400 years long. This particular timeframe dubbed the

A Study Of Life Span Development - 1466 Words

Have you ever asked yourself, who am I? What makes me the individual that I am today? Well, you are not alone. Many individuals have been trying to figure out why they have certain characteristics or why they did not have those leadership or charismatic traits that they wish they could have. All these questions can be explored through the study of life-span development. Within this science, we can explore the factors that influence who you are with identity development, gender, stereotypes, ethnicity and culture. Identity is what makes the individual. The uniqueness, such as specific traits ranging from religious to intelligence. Despite having the same parents, even siblings have different identity. One sibling might posses more intellectual, and athletic traits than the other, while the other one is complete opposite. But having this unique set of traits is what makes us as an individuals. It’s what distinguishes between you and the world. If everyone would have had the same identity then we would not have evolved. We would have not discovered all these scientific achievements throughout history. There wouldn’t be all-stars or hall of fame sports athletes in history. Having different qualities as an individual is what sets you apart and makes up the person you are today. Of course, you might ask yourself, why do I hold these specific set of traits or why do I act this way? These questions have even been asked as early during adolescent years. DuringShow MoreRelatedLifespan Perspectives1061 Words   |  5 Pagesof life span development. Each one began to walk at approximately age one, began to talk sentences at about age four, as young children they played with toys while imagination worked wonders, and as young adults they would pack these toys up because they were no longer needed. As life goes on every human will experience almost the same developmental patterns from conception until death (Guest, 2011). Life-span perspective is the perspective that human development lasts all though out life. ItRead MoreLife Span Perspective Paper711 Words   |  3 PagesLife Spain Perspective Paper Teresa Haumschild PSY/375 August 12, 2013 Kay Rubin, MA Life Spain Perspective Paper When it comes to life span development you have to understand what it is and where it comes from or even how it got its name. As it was said by Boyd and Bee that life span development is the name that psychologists have given to the physical and cognitive changes that occur throughout a person’s life (Boyd amp; Bee, 2009). So I will be first explaining the life span of developmentRead MoreLife Span Perspective Paper746 Words   |  3 PagesRunning Head: LIFE SPAN PERSPECTIVE PAPER Life Span Perspective Paper Natalia Pimentel University of Phoenix PSY/375 Andrew Rodriguez September 15, 2009 Life Span Perspective Paper People are constantly changing and developing ever since conception to the day they pass away. Some changes can be more for people depending on the choices and incidents that occurs in a person’s life. The majority of changes that people go through are passed by common biological and psychologicalRead MoreLife Span Development1429 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The goal of the life span perspective of development is to understand how and why all different kinds of people, everywhere, and of every age, change over time (Berger, 2011). Developmental psychologists study the constant changes we experience throughout life, including physical, emotional, social, and cognitive development. Psychologists also study how we are affected by, react to, and process the world around us (Stone, 2011). The first aspect of developmental science is to understandRead MoreLife Span Perspective Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesLife Span Perspective Paper Cindy Amundson Psy/375 April 11, 2011 Professor Deborah Wilkerson, M.A., ABD The study of human development is a science. It is based on theories, data, analysis, critical thinking, and sound methodology (Berger). Five characteristics of Development that will be discussed in this paper are multidirectional, multi-contextual, multicultural, multidisciplinary and plasticity. There are also five theories of development which are psychoanalytical, behaviorism,Read MoreEssay about Human Growth and Development1057 Words   |  5 PagesGrowth and Development Peter Nyarkoh PSY/280 July 17, 2010 Khurshid Khan Human Growth and Development Human growth and the life span perspective begin from the day of conception and continue throughout the life span. It is a lifelong process which involves periods and domains of very great importance. Psychologist, sociologist, and others have done many researches into the life span of humans and have made various conclusions as to how humans behave at any given time in the life span. AccordingRead MoreEssay on The Life-Span Developmental Approach to Counseling999 Words   |  4 Pages The life-span development approach addresses the basic nature versus nurture debate by allowing for both. Just as our physicals selves are determined by both genetics and lifestyle, so are our emotional selves. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I plan to consider life-span development to specialize in counseling a specific type of person with hopes of becoming well-versed, and therefore more helpful, in the types of experiences that group faces. â€Å"Personality can be better understood if it isRead MoreEssay on The Life-Span Developmental Approach to Counseling1056 Words   |  5 PagesThe life-span development approach addresses the basic nature versus nurture debate by allowing for both. Just as our physicals selves are determined by both genetics and lifestyle, so are our emotional selves. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I plan to consider life-span development to specialize in counseling a specific type of person with hopes of becoming well-versed, and therefore more helpful, in the types of experiences that group faces. Personality can be better understood if it isRead MoreLife Span Development Paper664 Words   |  3 Pagesis the scientific study of age-related changes throughout the human life span. A discipline of scientific inquiry, developmental psychology recognizes humans of all societies and cultures as beings who are â€Å"in process,† or constantly growing and changing. This discipline identifies the biological, psychological, and social aspects that interact to influence the growing human life-span process. Within the last 25 years, developmentalist’s researchers who study human development expanded their focusRead MoreLife Span Human Development Paper748 Words   |  3 Pages3/31/10) http://answers.google.com Life Span Perspective Paper : To understand change in life is probably one of the most important aspects of human development. Our perspective on life and understanding the changes that occur during the different stages of the human life is the key to understanding why we tick and operate the way we do. Lifespan perspective is a key to understanding this and is something a person must do basically lifelong. Life development is basically ones understanding of the

Investment Opportunity For MS B Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Investment Opportunity For MS B. Answer: Introduction: The study aims in identifying the relevant investment opportunity for MS B, which could help in improving relevant returns from investment. In addition, the recommendations are based on relevant returns, which could be provided from investment. Furthermore, different equity stock, REIT and property investment options are evaluated for MS B, as adequate portfolio could be designed for her investment purpose. The performance of property market has instigated the investment requirement, which holds investment instruments related to property sector. Identifying the investment opportunities presented to MS. B: Investment amount SGD 5,000,000 Particulars Per sqft Price per sqft Amount Expected rent Residential Condominium 1,200 SGD 2,800 SGD 3,360,000 SGD 7,000 SGD 9,500 Commercial Office 1,200 SGD 2,800 SGD 3,360,000 SGD 7,000 SGD 9,500 The above table mainly helps in identifying the investment option in property and real estate, which could improve return generation capacity of the portfolio. Both investment has the same kind of investment and returns. However, the investment type of both the property is relatively different (Baum Crosby, 2014). The demand for residential and Commercial property has exponentially grown in Singapore, due to which the return could be high. Hence, accommodation of the shares in portfolio could help in improving the return generating capacity of MS B. Particulars Current share price Net Book Value PB Dividend yield (%) Avg Traded Volume CWL 12.8 9.8 1.31 1.50% 20mn JIL 1.8 2.15 0.84 3.50% 1mn F-REIT 2.9 3.2 0.91 4.50% 2.2mn P-REIT 1.5 1.3 1.15 6.75% 22mn The above table mainly depicts the overall returns and current share price of proport stocks and REIT, which could be used in identifying the most viable investment option for formulating the portfolio. The entire enlisted shares have been taken into consideration, which could improve relevant return generating capacity of MS B. The evaluation of Price to book ratio is conducted to identify the most viable investment opportunity, which could be listed in the portfolio (Newell, Pham Ooi, 2015). Recommendation provided to MS. B: Investment Per sqft Price per sqft Amount Return Residential Condominium 1200 2800 SGD 3,360,000 SGD 99,000 Commercial Office 1200 2800 SGD 3,360,000 SGD 99,000 Mortgage payment SGD (84,000) Return 1.70% SGD 114,000 Investment Current share price Number of Shares Amount Return JIL 1.8 266,665 SGD 479,997 SGD 16,800 F-REIT 2.9 400,001 SGD 1,160,003 SGD 52,200 Total Investment SGD 5,000,000 SGD 183,000 Particular Value Amount Return from investment 3.66% SGD 183,000 (-) Inflation rate 3.00% Actual return from investment 0.03% SGD 33,000.03 The above calculated portfolio depicts the overall return that could be generated from investment, which might help in identifying investment viability. In addition, the overall return after adjusting the inflation rate is mainly at 0.03%, which indicates the profitability that is generated from investment of 5 million SGD. The portfolio mainly utilises mortgage system, which helps in accommodating the asset investment and utilises the full investment value. The investment capital is mainly used for investing in shares and REIT, which could help in generating higher returns from investment. Therefore, combining the shares of JIL, F-REIT of and property investment in the portfolio, which might allow MS B to tap into the returns provided by the rising property market. In this context, Deng Wu (2014) mentioned that creation of adequate portfolio could eventually allow investors in generating higher rate of return from investment, which could increase the level of profits from investmen t. The investments in Crystal World Ltd and P- REIT could be identified by MS B, as the price to book ratio of the investment was relatively higher than 1. This indicates that share price of the company is relatively overvalued and is expected to decline in near future. In addition, both price of the investment is near 52 weeks high, where it could be assumed that investment scope in the security has dried out. This could not allow the investors in improv their wealth, which in turn could hamper relevant profits from investment. Ho Rengarajan (2017) stated that investors mainly choose stock, which are undervalued by investors, as they increase investment capital and provide high returns from investment. The overall investment in JIT and F-REIT needs to be conducted by MS B, as it provides an investment opportunity, as the price to book ratio is relevantly undervalued. This indicates that share price of the company is undervalued and could increase in near future. In addition, the dividends provided by both the investment is relatively high, which could help in generating higher income from investment. The total dividend return that is provided from the investment is relatively at the levels of SGD 69,000. Moreover, JIT and F-REIT mainly has high level of inclination to provide relevant dividends, which could increase return from investment (Nanda Rhodes-Kropf, 2013). Lastly, the investment in Residential Condominium and Commercial Office can be conducted by MS B with the help of mortgage system. The use of mortgage could eventually help in utilising both the property investment, which might help in generating higher rate of return from investment (Reddy, Higgins Wakefield, 2014). The investment in real estate is mainly estimated to provide a return of 1.70% on yearly basis after paying all the mortgage payments. Therefore, Ms B with the help of above drafted portfolio could generate adequate return and tap into the trend of real estate, which is currently flourishing in Singapore. However, the return that is provided from the investment is relatively higher than the inflation rate, which could help in raising relevant value to of the portfolio. Conclusion: The overall portfolio depicted in the above assignment could mainly allow MS B to generate relevant returns from investment in Real-Estate of Singapore. The portfolio created for MS B could eventually help in identifying financial viability of the investment, which could in turn generate higher return from investment. The portfolio is mainly estimated to provide a return of 0.03%, which amount to SGD 33,000.03. The combination of REIT, shares and property could eventually help in generating the required level of return from investment. Ignoring stocks and REIT with higher Price to earnings ratio could eventually help in improving the sophistication level of the created portfolio in generating higher returns from investment. References Baum, A. E., Crosby, N. (2014).Property investment appraisal. John Wiley Sons. Deng, Y., Wu, J. (2014). Economic returns to residential green building investment: The developers' perspective.Regional Science and Urban Economics,47, 35-44. Downs, D. H., Ooi, J. T., Wong, W. C., Ong, S. E. (2016). Related party transactions and firm value: evidence from property markets in Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore.The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics,52(4), 408-427. Ho, K. H. D., Rengarajan, S. (2017). Industrial Real Estate Market Dynamics in Singapore: A VAR Approach.International Real Estate Review,20(4), 417-450. Kim, H. M., OConnor, K. B., Han, S. S. (2015). The spatial characteristics of Global Property Investment in Seoul: A case study of the office market.Progress in Planning,97, 1-42. Nanda, R., Rhodes-Kropf, M. (2013). Investment cycles and startup innovation.Journal of Financial Economics,110(2), 403-418. Newell, G., Pham, A. K., Ooi, J. (2015). The significance and performance of Singapore REITs in a mixed-asset portfolio.Journal of Property Investment Finance,33(1), 45-65. Reddy, W., Higgins, D., Wakefield, R. (2014). An investigation of property-related decision practice of Australian fund managers.Journal of Property Investment Finance,32(3), 282-305.

My Inspirational Awakening Essays - English-language Films, Cody

My Inspirational Awakening My Inspirational Awakening How do you describe one of your best friends? Do you talk about his natural talent? Do you say how great a guy he is? Or do you say how he is just a dork? Cody Werner, is someone who I can say a lot about, and still not even come close to describing him adequately. He is a renaissance man, an individual who possesses a distinct personality that sets him apart. Simply put, he is like no one else I have ever met. Cody keeps it real in the face of opposition, even when no one else is baking him up. He is someone who is consistently dedicated to what he believes. Cody's actions have proven this many times, and I've often found myself looking at them for inspiration. At school, his uniqueness is misinterpreted. His laid back attitude is misconceived as laziness. His unique opinions are sometimes thought of as insulting and taken personal; when in fact Cody only making observations. He sees the world like no else. I met Cody three years ago when I moved to Santa Rosa. Since then I have been inspired countless times to remain true to myself. At a time where so many people are narrow-minded and hypocritical, Cody has kept it real. I went to Lake Tahoe with him recently. It was around three a.m. and we were both hungry. We had just come from the casinos to search for some, real, non-over priced food. We drove around for about 15 minutes, but no places were open. Just as we had given up hope, we drove past a Denny's, not what we had in mind. Never the less we were hungry and willing to save a few dollars on bargain food. As we sat in our booth, Cody observed a young man sitting at the bar, no more than ten feet away from us. Cody observed this gentlemen as he ate his food and talked with a woman, who I'm guessing was his girlfriend. After a few minutes of watching this man, Cody really got in to it. What the f--k? Dude, that really pisses me off? look at this guy over here. He's sittin' there eating his chicken wings, when all that chick wants to do is get out this place so they can...but no he's just sitting there sucking on his ranch dressing and chicken wings. Dude! He just spilled some on his shirt. I'm gonna get up and hit him Dan! He's a fag?look at him Dan?just look it at him?it pisses me off! I know the couple at the bar heard us because an older guy at the far end of the bar was laughing through Cody's entire proclamation. He didn't do this to impress anyone or to harass the couple at the bar, he just stated how he felt. He was over dramatic in doing so, but that's the way he is. If you knew him you'd understand. Many people are afraid to open themselves up so much, especially in public. They're too afraid of what others might think. At the dark root of this problem is the what's cool concern. Who's cool? Who's lame? We're chillin' with the cool guys. This guy's the *censored*. That guy's a *censored*. Those pants are lame and those shoes are wack. With such a narrow minded view of what's cool you could be standing next to the best person in the world and not realize it, because they are not fitting the frame of what's cool now. Jesus Christ could be standing next to you, but you wouldn't think he was cool because he didn't have the right shoes on or something. Through Cody's actions I had realized that it was all up to me to follow my own path. He had shown me that trying to be cool is definitely not. I had a revelation, based on my own views. I realized that what's cool is what has been and always will be. Doing the right thing even when it's not popular or may not be in fashion. Be into life for the long run, not just for the fast kill. Try never to injure the spirit

Stepping Stones Essays - Batting, Preparation, Baseball,

Baseball Season Preparation Baseball has always been America?s natural past time. Many fans love watching baseball but do not realize how hard it is to prepare for a season. Most fans think the players just show up on the first day. I think this belief is completely false. I feel that preparing for a baseball season requires a lot of preparation. The preparation I tend use includes working on my swing, working out, and studying other people?s ideas on hitting. These steps are necessary for me to have a successful season. These steps have proven to be a valuable aid in helping me to prepare for the season. I believe these steps are the basic steps to becoming a great baseball player. Developing my swing is the first step I use in preparing for the upcoming season. There are a few different techniques I use to work on my swing. The first way is to take hitting lessons. I learn much of my knowledge about hitting from taking hitting lessons. My usual routine consists of taking lessons three times a week. This allows me to be evaluated by a professional. I took hitting lessons from the same coach for five straight years. His teachings have helped me become a much better hitter. Another way I develop my swing is by practicing daily. Even though I take hitting lessons, I still need more work. I am lucky enough to have access to a facility that has hitting cages. This allows me to work in the winter and during inclimate weather. By going to work on my swing on my own, I am able to work on the skills that my hitting instructor has taught me. This seems like it would take a long time, but it does not. I carefully plan out my time, and this allows me to use my time wise ly. I allot times to work different aspects of my swing. By doing this, I am able to cover all aspects of my swing. I also videotape my swing, and this allows me to view myself afterwards. Since I videotape my practice sessions, I can go over my sessions afterwards. I have caught and fixed many mistakes my carefully watching my swing on the recordings. Developing my swing is the first of three main steps I use in preparing for the upcoming season. Next, I work out using weights to improve my chances for success in the upcoming season. I believe that this step puts me ahead of the other athletes. A strict weight training schedule has allowed me to stay in top shape throughout the years. When I approached my parents about buying a very expensive gym membership they were skeptical. They simply did not think I would stay dedicated to my routine. After four years of a tough weight training schedule, they finally believe me. At the beginning of the off season, I set a routine that I follow throughout the year. These exercises include bench press, squats, and leg presses. I started out going five days a week, but now I realize that is not necessary. I go to the gym on Mondays, Wednesday, and Fridays. Working out also decreases my chance for injury during the actual season. During my sophomore year of high school, our top player, Bradley Prince, blew out his shoulder. This injury could have easily been prevented if he would have fo llowed a strict weight training schedule. I believe a strict weigh training schedule is a necessary step in preparing for the upcoming season. The final step I use in preparing for the upcoming season is studying other people?s ideas on hitting. Baseball is a sport that is all over the television. This works to my advantage. When the Atlanta Braves are playing on TBS, I get to study the top players in major league baseball. While most fans are only watching for enjoyment, I am watching to learn. I record many games out of the year, and later break each players individual swing down. I also read many books on the different styles for hitting. For example, I read about five books by the hitting coach of the Oakland A?s. By reading

Georg Philipp Telemann essays

Georg Philipp Telemann essays Georg Phillipp Telemann was born in Magdeburg, Germany in 1681, and was one of Germanys greatest musicians. He was a very busy man throughout his years, especially when writing music. In his lifetime, he worked on a vast amount of works, which includes 1043 church cantatas, 600 orchestral suites, 40 operas, among other countless works. He also composed songs for Latin school dramas, and was even in some of his own written operas as an opera singer. During Telemanns youth, he was so very much musical inclined. He would study works from such composers as Jean Baptiste Lully and Andre Campra. He was so prolific in music that by the age of 10, he self taught himself how to play the violin, the flute, the zither, and keyboard instruments. Even at a very young age, Telemann was said to have composed church motets, and by the age of 12, he began composing, the first steps to almost completion, of a composition and performance of the opera Sigismundus. Telemanns mother disapproved of his music interest, and in 1694, sent him off to Zellerfield (a boarding school) under the care of superintendent Casper Calvoer. He taught Telemann areas in Geometry and the Latin language. Calvoer, without parental consent, had also secretly instructed Telemann in music theory. In 1701, Telemann began attending Leipzig University, with intentions of studying law, but shortly thereafter, a career in music became inevitable. He was so capable of being a musician, especially with his talented background, that a year later he was appointed as music director of the Leipzig Opera. Within that same year, he had organized a student Collegium Musicum. There he would use his students in his productions, and would also give public concerts. It would later be succeeded by the infamous Johanne Sebastian Bach. Telemann, between 1704 through 1717, would travel to four different cities and would be ...

The Connection and Effect of the Media on the Economy Research Paper

The Connection and Effect of the Media on the Economy - Research Paper Example According to Biagi (2006), this theory posits that media could inject ideas into someone the ways liquids are injected through a needle and that these ideas were in direct causal relation to behavior. (256) This is demonstrated best in the shift of supply. Media is crucial in the changing tastes and fashions of the public and that this factor is fundamental in creating demands for certain products and services. For instance, the supermarket Sainsbury's was inundated with requests for specific ingredients for particular recipes being shown in the cooking shows by Delia Smith and Jamie Oliver, to the extent where stores ran out of food items that were previously only moderate sellers. (Dransfield 2004, 288) Media changes knowledge, attitude, the behavior and sentiment of consumers and these make it a powerful force in the movement of the market and the aggregate supply and the demand for products and services as revealed by the Sainsbury’s case. The argument in regard to the media’s impact on variables such as aggregate demand is demonstrated in the potency and efficacy of media advertising. Advertising and promotions placed on all media platforms have the power to reinforce the use of products and the choice of particular brands. A study cited by Martin, for example, found that advertising reinforces the demand for alcoholic beverages, specifically highlighting that the reinforcing effects account for 1 to 3 percent of the variability in drinking. (p. 220) Again, in the context of shaping perception and changing behaviors, the media can be directly responsible in regard to how inflation is viewed by the public. In a study conducted by the Glasgow Media Group, for example, it found that the news stories in the British media – those about union and management portrayals - is partly responsible for the errors in public perception on inflation.

Feminism and Pop Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Feminism and Pop Culture - Research Paper Example The title of the song speaks well of women’s independence. Females do not always need to depend on men to accomplish their daily tasks. Unlike the old days, womenfolk can be trusted to handle financial issues at home. It is not only the men who can analyze where funds go and how to make worthwhile investments. They have become more open-minded about what they are capable of, as well as braver in trying out the possibilities of their chosen pursuits. By the 20th century, women in many countries had gained the right to vote and advanced their status in politics and education. In the 1980s, there were already women doctors, lawyers, and engineers, though few in number as compared to men. In fact, according to Discovery, â€Å"over half of college graduates are women in 1986†. Many of them also pursued higher education in law, business, and medicine. In fact, the first lines are already poignant regarding how times have changed in treating the so called â€Å"fairer sex†. For instance, in the line, â€Å" so we’re comin’ out of the kitchen†, it means that those days where wives are just locked up at home doing household chores are already history. Indeed, a number of women nowadays are breadwinners along with their husbands. For some, their husbands are the ones in charge of household chores. In a report on comparing women and men’s salaries from 1980 to 1986, it was found out that although men, in general, had higher salaries, women were able to enjoy more frequent promotions and higher percentages of pay increase. (Gerhart and Milkovich 2). It further explained that one of the main causes for their income progress was high performance ratings. However, the reason why many of them could receive promotion was because most were employed in lower levels, thus, making the chances for elevation bi gger. On the other hand, this is related to a recent article which was just published last November 13, 2011, in Mail Online. It says, â€Å"one woman in five now earns more than her husband or boyfriend† (Barrow). The study suggests that the percentage of females having higher salaries as compared to their partners will continue to increase. Though this statistics is based on United Kingdom population, this reflects the worldwide shift that

Compulsory education Essay Example for Free

Compulsory education Essay Everyone has their own opinions on beliefs about school. Many say school is the only way for children to go, and many are against it. John Holt wrote an inspiring story called School Is Bad for Children that has an outlook on all aspects of school and why its not for children. He elaborates on all points to argue the fact that children shouldnt have to make life harder by going to school. Holt indicates certain points, but ones that stick out are the compulsory attendance policy and how it affects the child. Also, why we shouldnt have grades and exams and lastly, teachers and their poor pedagogy. The compulsory school attendance protected the childrens right to school under the parents permission; unless the parents decide to exploit their labor. Holt states that the compulsory attendance policy commands children to go to school. If children are forced to go to school than there is a better chance they wont like going. But, if the child had the option to go to school whenever they want, there us a better chance of them going; this being because school is where children meet new friends and communicate with others. And children need communication to get through life, like any other average person. Pedagogy is the art of the education and how a teacher conducts their class. Holt believes that poor pedagogy is another reason why school is bad for children. The art and styling of a teacher determines what the child will get and take out of the class. Many students are visual learners and some are auditory. Also, students are categorized between passive learners and active learners. Passive learners do what they need to, to pass the class and dont take in any of the information that is being distributed to them. But, active learners enjoy their time in class and engage in the lesson of the day. Teachers need to take it upon themselves to make the class interesting and vibrant for all students. They always said two heads are better than one. Holt feels as if children work better in groups and collaborative work. It makes everything in their school experience and life a little easier. Letting them work together and help each other out, they can help each other fix their mistakes. He explains how children are often the best teachers of other children. Letting children judge their own work gives them a sense of how much they can handle. According to Holt, if a child is corrected too many times, he will shut down and not speak at all. Correcting a student over and over again begins to make them feel like being wrong, uncertain and confused is a crime. He feels that a child should learn on his or her own but with the help of other children his age. If the child is stuck and just can’t get the answer right and needs help then that is when we lend a helping hand. Helping a child too much can also lead to them depending on someone to give them the answer. They won’t know the right answer and they’ll wait for the teacher or the expert to give them right answer. Holt has given up ideas on why the right way isn’t always the right thing to do. He wants to correct the school curriculum. He shows that education back in the day is different than education now. Although students need education, we’re going about it all wrong. Children need to learn physically and mentally and not always with the help of an expert. Children need to work together to become more advance and progress.

Marketing Plan for Launching a Chocolate Brand India

Marketing Plan for Launching a Chocolate Brand India India is on the move and so are the markets in India. Apart from economic changes. India is also facing social changes like changes in life style, hobbies etc. New fashions, Advertisements holidays, etc. are in today. Further, food habits of Indians are changing rapidly. Chocolates, which were believed to be kids preference, are now being consumed by kids, teenagers, and adults. Chocolate market in India (Currently 20,000 tones is growing at the rate of 22% annually). To take advantage of the growing market, international confectionery companies are getting ready to woo the proverbial Indian Sweet tooth. An influx of worlds leading Chocolate players is expected. Further, since Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) is a representative body of the Indian Industry, it receives its inquiries for pertinent marketing information from various domestic and international players, who want to invest in India. In the above context, the prime objective of this report is to prepare a marketing plan for any brand that is planning to enter the India Chocolate Market. Therefore, this report is generic (broad based) to the extent that it does not focus on any single brand. However, this may prove to be a relevant marketing guide for any brand launch in India. METHODOLOGY As mentioned earlier, the objective of the study is to formulate a Marketing Strategy for any new entrant in the Indian Chocolate Industry. While recommending the said strategy detailed information from both primary and secondary sources was collected and analyzed. This included: Primary Sources Four level primary information collections were undertaken. These were: In order to get relevant information regarding competition, executives of the following chocolate players in the market were interviewed: Mr. Sanjay Verkey, Branch Manager, Cadburys India Ltd., ANZ Grindlays Building, Connaught Place, New Delhi. Information: Cadburys profile, products, distribution, etc. Mr. Verma, Sarura Business (I) Ltd., Panchsheel Vihar, New Delhi, the company that has launched Mars Inc. brands (imported) in India. Information: Complete marketing strategy-since, imported chocolates marketing is a new concept Mr. N Bohidar, Manager Corporate Communication, Nestle India Ltd., Connaught Place, New Delhi To analyze buying behavior and in order to gain an insight into the buyer need-satisfaction level, a questionnaire was formulated and administered among 80 people. The profile of the respondents was as follows: Consumers of chocolates 12 years + in Delhi. This was since; chocolate consumption was witnessed amongst all age groups. A distributor was also interviewed so as to get pertinent information regarding the most important P of FMCG marketing Place, information provided by Mr. Rajesh Mittal, Ex-distributor of Nestle India (Rohini district), was extremely helpful in recommending the distribution strategy. Extensive interviews were conducted with retailers in the Naraina Vihar area. These included pan shops, bakeries, departmental stores, etc. they provided information on various facts of chocolate distribution such as point of purchase material (dispensers etc.), infrastructure problems, critical informational regarding the policies of the present players in the market, etc. Secondary Sources A number of secondary sources of information were used. These were: Mr. M.N. Rao, Secretary, Indian Confectionary Manufacturers Association, Sugar House, Nehru Place, New Delhi. Information: Industry statistics, problems facing the industry, future outlook, etc. Also measures being adopted for cocoa production development. Confederation of Indian Industries reports. PHDCCI FICCI library. Internet websites of Cadburys, Nestle and indiainfoline.com, askjeeves.com Extensive use of secondary information in the form of magazines/journals/newspapers clippings, such as Business World, Business Today, Business India, AM, Brand Equity, Economic Times, etc. The methodology adopted was as follows: Industry scenario Sketch (utilizing secondary information) Extensive interviews held with Primary/Secondary Sources (Companies/Chocolate manufacturers Association) Interview with ex-distributor of Nestle India Ltd. Extensive retailer interviews in Naraina Area Formulation and administration of a questionnaire Formulation of the Recommended Strategy on the basis of the above mentioned Primary and Secondary Information Limitations of the study Since, the administration of the questionnaire was restricted to Delhi, results may provide an urban view of the buying behavior and the like. Also, secondary sources were used for information regarding Amul. Industry scenario was also drawn up, utilizing secondary information. THE INDUSTRY SCENARIO With the entry of multinationals, and home companies sprucing up their act, the confectionary market is booming. Mckinsey has estimated the confectionary industry to touch a whopping Rs.8500 cr. by the year 2009. Till the eighties, the chocolate market was small and the product category itself was fuzzy. In the eighties, Cadburys the virtual monopolist had decided to focus its efforts on making chocolates a distinct category with an identity of its own. And the marketer had sharply positioned its product at children to do that. Hence, chocolates bore an only for kids tag, and kept adults at bay. By the end of the eighties, Cadburys still ruled the roost with over 80 % market share. And though several brands like Amul and Campco tried to break into the market, none of them had succeeded in shaking the leaders grip. In fact, Cadburys had become a brand virtually generic to chocolates. Then chocolates were used to reward and reinforce positive behavior and hence were categorized as a luxury reserved for special occasions. This was, a stark contrast to the west where chocolates were snacked on, eaten as mini meals or just to suppress pangs of hunger. But constant working by players like Cadburys (re-launch of Cadburys Dairy Milk targeting adults and as a casual any-time buy) and Nestle towards exploding the myth that chocolates are meant for children only has resulted in the segment booming. Trends in the Industry With socio-economic changes rapidly taking place, the young and not so young population will lead a new life style and chocolate eating is definitely going to be widespread and acceptable. In the industry, both population and family incomes as well as urbanization are on the increase. There has been a significant growth in the middle class, with 5.8 million people having upgraded to the quoted middle class. There is quantified data on FMCG usage having increased (NRS -VI IRS 98 figures) Thanks to the above reasons the growth in the chocolate market is estimated to be at 28% in 2009. But marketers in the industry are looking forward to a much higher growth rate, as Indias per capita consumption of chocolates is only 15 Gms. Versus 6 kg in the west. The Industry Chronology Year Demand Rupee Growth Rate 1990 12000 tones 350 cr. 2 % 1994 Excise duty increased to 15 % 13 % Excise duty further increases to 28.75 % Cocoa Prices Zoom Drops to 6 % 1995 Excise duty reduced to 25%, further to 20% and finally to 18%. Import Nestle launches Kit-Kat sets up a new unit. Production arrangement with CAMPCO continues. Mars selects production site. 1996 Market zooms up due to greater marketing thrust by players (especially Cadburys) Chocolates Selected import item 22 % 1998 Chocolates Open general license 20000 tones 22 % 2003 Quantitative restriction lifted 32000 tones 22 % The Indian Chocolate market can be sliced into four parts. Moulded Chocolate Segment comprising slab chocolates like Dairy Milk chocolates, etc. These are made by pouring the ingredients into moulds. Countline Segment comprising bars like 5 star, Bar One, Perk, Kit Kat, etc. These have ingredients other then chocolate and are usually bar shaped, making for chunky bites. Choco-Panned Segment comprising chocolate forms like Butterscotch, Nutties, Tiffins, etc. Panned varieties have different cores/centers, which are covered with a layer of chocolate. Sugar-Panned Segment comprising chocolate forms such as Gems, Chocolate à ©clairs, etc. These generally have a sugar coating on the outside. The Chocolate industry has grown from 12000 tonnes in 1990 to around 32000 tonnes in 2001. The rejuvenation exercise of Cadburys, was one of the key reasons behind the churning up of the countrys Rs. 350 crore chocolate market to a growth rate of 22% in 1996, from a mere 2% two years earlier. Chocolate Market Shares Interestingly, kaira district cooperative Milk Producers Ltd. (KDCMPL) the manufacturer of Amul chocolate is selling whatever it produces. Limited capacity is also a reason for the share it has. However, Amuls memorable advertising campaign positioning it as a A Gift for someone you love, saw the sales graph rising. Amuls sales grew by 39% then. Ever since, Amul has maintained a low profile. It can further be seen that Amul (see findings). Other Domestic Players The only other organized player in the market is Campco, which has an insignificant share of the market. It is supplying its production to Nestle. Apart from this Campco did come up with its new brands like Treat. But crunch of resources grossly effected the pace of the company and is hardly to be heard of today. CHOCOLATE LAUNCHES OVER THE YEARS 1956 Cadburys Milk Chocolate launched 1967 Cadburys 5 Star launched 1970 Cadburys Éclairs launched 1974 Amul chocolates launched 1986 Cadburys milk chocolate re-launched as Cadburys dairy milk (CDM) 1991 Nestle chocolates launched. Cadbury counters Nestlà ©s entry with all silk, and unfurls huge consumer promotion campaign. CDM revamped. Nestle launches Milky Bar; Cadbury counters with Creamy Bar. 1994 Cadburys Real Taste of Life and 5 Stars Reach for the Stars campaign rolled out. Éclairs revamped and renamed Dairy Milk Eclairs. 1995 Cadbury launches Perk, pre-empting Nestles Kit Kat. Overtures is withdrawn. 1998 Market growth rate tops 40 percent per annum. IMPORTED BRANDS Considering the high growth potential, various multinationals wanted to set up facilities in India (Mars being one of them). However, shortage of cocoa, seasonality in demand, and the absence of a proper cold chain deterred them from investing in India. The government also moved the import of chocolates from special item list to open general license category. The duty structure was also reduced. This resulted in making import of foreign brands easier and price competitive. Due the above, mars inc.- the US giant, who had decided to set up facilities in 1995 (the site for which was also selected), decided to postpone its investment plans. An alternate strategy was formulated to import Mars chocolate brands into India through Sarura Business (I) Ltd. Sarura, which came into existence about and year ago, imports Mars brands and sells through its own distribution network. Highlights of the strategy being followed are mentioned below: Imports Mars brands every 40 days, after careful demand analysis. Takes 20 to 22 days to reach India. Duty structure Customs Duty 40% Counter vailing Duty (a form of excise) 2% Special Duty (Surcharge) 3% The import duty on finished product is expected to come down to 20-25 % in a phased manner. Distribution Logistics The company has its operations being controlled from Delhi. A typical FMCG distribution chain is being utilized. This includes- Carrying Forwarding Agents Distributors Retailers and Wholesalers (about 5000 as of now) Consumers In Delhi, the company reaches the retailers and the wholesalers on its own. It operates about 3 vans, and each other retailer is serviced twice a month. MARKETING OBJECTIVES Short Term Objectives Taking into consideration the growth rate of the market competition with major brands, the marketing objectives can be as under: To introduce chocolates in various new flavors. To make a place in consumers mind. To provide quality chocolates at affordable price. To achieve a market share of around 15% by the end of two years of operation by the means of 7.5% by creating the new market. 7.5% by taking competitors share. Long Term Objectives Investing in strengthening the grass root level operations like cocoa farming, milk collection and storage. A broad product portfolio, a large and efficient RD department, decentralized management, etc. Nestle has about 2000 distributors in 1700 towns and more than 500,000 retail outlets to match this MARKET RESEARCH In order to recommend and execute an effective strategy for marketing of goods services, a systematic market research needs to be undertaken. The buyer preference research would play a vital role in the assessment of consumers taste/purchase habits and a better understanding of the consumers mind. In fact the strategy formulation/recommendations in this report of the marketing mix relies heavily on these research findings. A questionnaire was administered (as mentioned in the Methodology) amongst people of different age groups and professions. Results from this research provided interesting cues, which were extremely beneficial in the formulation of the recommended marketing mix. The main object of this research/questionnaire were as follows: To find out the current taste/chocolate eating habits. To find out the extent of brand loyalty. To get feedback of consumers perception about flavors and conventional outlets. To find out extent of price sensitivity. Retail outlet preference. Brand preference etc. OBSERVATIONS Based on the basis of the questionnaire research, some of the facts that came to the fore have been listed below. These research findings played a key role in the development of the recommended marketing strategy. AWARENESS PURCHASE PREFERENCE Top of Mind Awareness Purchase Preference What influenced you to buy the selected brand PURCHASE BEHAVIOUR Reasons for Purchase Chocolates A gift to a love one As a gift it is for IMPULSE DRIVEN Most of my chocolate purchases are preplanned I often pick up chocolates while I make other purchases REINFORCING IMPULSE PURCHASE IMPORTANCE OF ATTRIBUTES PERCEPTUAL MAPS Importance of various Attributes in Chocolates Rank of Chocolates on various attributes Attributes 1 2 3 4 5 Taste CDM KitKat 5 Star Perk Amul Quality KitKat CDM Perk 5 Star Amul Packaging KitKat CDM 5 Star Perk Amul Price Perk 5 Star KitKat Amul CDM Flavor KitKat CDM Amul Perk 5 Star Add-ons KitKat Perk CDM 5 Star Amul Brand image CDM KitKat Perk 5 Star Amul PRODUCT RELATED Taste Preference Size Usage. What size of a chocolate go you normally buy- PRICE RELATED Suitable price for a 40 gms Chocolate Price Perception. The price of most preferred brand is Price sensitivity (Elasticity). If price of your favorite brand is reduced. You will buy more of it Price sensitivity. If the favorite brand is few Rs. Expensive would you to go for it ADVERTISING/PROMOTION RELATED Advertisement Recall Test Unaided Most like Ads Unaided Whether, sales promotion would affect your purchase decision Band loyalty. If a particular brand is not available, you will: If you want to buy a wafer chocolate, say Kitkat and if it is not available, you would settle for a Bar/Moulded chocolate say 5 Star or CDM CHOCOLATE BRANDS IN INDIA Are you happy with the kind of chocolate brand available in India PLACE RELATED Outlet Preference DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS Age Sex Marital Status Occupation Monthly income Michael Porters Model for Competitive Advantage There should be continuous efforts towards competence by drawing down costs and improving product quality. According to Michael Porters 5 point model for competitive edge, any corporate entity needs to counter threats posed by the following five market forces. The Corporate Entity Potential Entrants Competitors Activities Suppliers Buyers Substitutes Potential Entrants With the increase in growth rate of the market and wide spread acceptance of chocolates in Indian market, companies like Mars, Sara Lee etc. are eyeing the chocolate market. American Hershey foods etc., also plans to enter in it. Though these companies would facilitate further growth of the market, they would also want a share of the pie. Further, a favourable duty structure would facilitate import of international products than new manufacturing units being set up. MARKETING MIX The objective of the marketing mix developed is: To develop a product that is available, affordable, based on local raw material, and adapted to the taste the nutritional habits of the population. The elements of the mix Product, Price, Place Promotion have been entailed below: Product As mentioned earlier, the two most important segments of the market are moulded and countline segment (segments have a high share of the market). Also, it can be seen in the findings, the Indian consumer does not recognize the difference between moulded and countline segment. Further, a key decision that needs to be taken is to decide whether to have a core brand focus of have a plethora of brands. Here, it would be advisable to launch a complete basket of products covering both the countline and the moulded chocolate segment (at least if not Panned). A range of brands can help cushion out risks over the entire offering. Also, it has been that to sustain in the long term, a complete portfolio of chocolates for every taste is essential. However, a concentration strategy may be adopted in the first phase, focusing on one core flagship brand. The various product attributes have been mentioned below: Stipulations regarding the use of Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil HVO (since it contains nickel) may be adhered to. Nickel in chocolates can cause cancer. However, research is still on to prove this. Product formulation should keep this aspect in mind. Packaging: The packages or the cover packs, of the brands can be in Blue, Green and Red color which represents a fun element. The packaging should MARKET TESTING PLAN It would reduce the risk of failure in the market where it goes national, by validating the marketing mix. Facilitate validation of positioning. Allow corrective action through incorporation of consumer feedback. For test marketing the chocolates, the plan may be as follows: Test Objectives: To validate the brand names, new outlets, etc. and to measure the sales volume, pricing and promotion policy. Competitor reaction can also be analyzed. The product may be launched in Bombay (as a soft test launch). This selection was based on: Bombay is uniformly represented by the target segment. Competitor activity is high. Also, Nestle was able to wrest a significant market share from Cadburys when it was launched. Bombay is representative of the target segment. IMPLEMENTATION A Well-designed marketing plan counts for nothing, if not implemented properly. Success in the market place depends upon the way the plan is implemented. The launch is recommended to be before winters-say September or October, since- That period would facilitate high Diwali sales, and FUTURE OUTLOOK The growth and expansion of the Indian chocolate market in the past has been hampered, due to stiff excise duties on chocolates (at 18 percent while other agro based products are being charged as low as 8% and a few, even 0% excise) and non-availability of quality cocoa in the country. Also, import of chocolates has been put in the OGL category, with duties being reduced (in a phased manner). The industry has made recommendations to the Indian government to go back to the special item list category, in order to safeguard the domestic industry. However, continuous marketing focus by the players in the market has resulted in the industry looking up like never before. These companies/brands have become much more market savvy. The Indian chocolate market is transforming and new players (Sara Lee is planning to set up base in India) are entering the market. Hence, considering the low per capita consumption of chocolates, the future of the industry seems to upbeat.

Cookie-N-Cream Case Study ANS Essay

1. What are some location advantages that Cookies-N-Cream has that a brick-and-mortar retailer doesn’t have? Are there any drawbacks to a mobile vendor’s choice of location? The first advantage that comes to mind is the lack of property tax. Selling out of a van eliminates this tax. It also allows them to drive to the customer, they can relocate to a busier place if the location they are currently set up at is slow. The drawback is it may be difficult to find if a returning customer is looking for them. Also, a stolen van equals a loss in their entire inventory. 2. Discuss site costs, retailing and office equipment, and other financial considerations of a mobile vendor such as Cookies-N-Cream. A mobile vendor needs to have a reliable vehicle. A vehicle that breaks down will cost money to fix and also means they will lose out on a day’s work. Fuel costs must also be brought into consideration. A register and safe must be purchased that can run in the van. The van must also be customized so the store can be operational. This may cost some money to get it the way the owners want it to be. The owners also need to purchase licenses to sell in various areas. Each one of them cost a significant amount of money. 3. What legal considerations affect Cookies- N-Cream’s choice of location? How do those compare with the legal considerations of brick-and-mortar and home-based businesses? Having a mobile business means the owners need to be sensitive to each area they enter to sell. Each location may have its own set of rules or laws, so they need to be knowledgeable in each. A brick and mortar store does not have to deal with varying rules. The same goes for home-based businesses. However a home-based business needs to be sensitive of the laws of operating out of a home. A business with large equipment can not run their business from a residential area.

Evolution Lab

Associate Level Material Appendix O EvolutionLab Report |Ful | | |Date | | Use this document to report your findings from the EvolutionLab Exploration Experiment. The lab report consists of three sections: Data, Exploration, and Lab Summary. Data: copy any data, graphs, charts, or notes that you have saved in your EvolutionLab online notebook into this section. Exploration: Answer the questions.The questions in the Exploration section are the same questions in your EvolutionLab instructions. Lab Summary: Write a 100- to 200-word summary. Data To copy your data from your online notebook into this section, click on Export Graph and then copy and paste your data into this section. You must disable your pop-up blocker before exporting. Identify each set of data with a title. Exploration Answer the following questions in fewer than 100 words: Activity 1: Modes of Natural Selection What type of selection is taking place on Wallace Island? Explain.Directional Selection is taking place. Th e beak size is increasing on Wallace Island from 11. 85 to 19. 13, and the population is increasing as well. This is because there are more seeds available that the birds can eat. What type of selection is taking place on Darwin Island? Explain. Directional selection is taking place. The beak size increases slowly, from 12. 47 to 26. 95. The population decreased because of the lack of seeds available for the birds to eat. Explain the reason for any differences in population numbers between the two islands.The population increased on Wallace island because there were more seeds for the birds to eat, meaning there was more of a chance for them to survive and reproduce. The population decreased on Darwin island because there were no seeds for the birds to eat and without an abundant food supply they can not reproduce. Activity 2: Extinction Develop a hypothesis to predict what conditions would lead to extinction of a finch population. If there was no participation on a small island the Finch would become extinct.Which of the parameters is most important in determining whether a population goes extinct? Variance is most important What are at least two different sets of conditions that may lead to extinction? Small Island, no precipitation Small Island, No variance Summarize the steps you took to complete the experiment you designed. I set the parameters on precipitation to 0, and the island size to . 3km. I then ran the experiment for 300 years. Summarize the result of the experiment you designed. The Finch was extinct by 2033.The beak size stayed the same until extinction. Lab Summary Address the following points in a 100-to 200-word summary: Summarize the general principles and purpose of the lab. This lab is designed to help understand how precipitation, variance, and area have a role in the evolution of a species, in this case, Finches. It also explains the different types of selection. Explain how this lab helped you better understand the topics and concepts addressed this week. This lab really helped explain the concept of evolution.Not only did it cover population grown/ decrease but it also covered the changes that animals go through to adapt to their ever changing environments. Describe what you found challenging about this lab. I did not really find anything challenging about this lab. The information was very easy to understand and the set up was easy to work with after completing previous labs. Describe what you found interesting about this lab. I found it interesting to see how one parameter can have such a large effect on a species, even over a relatively small (300 year) amount of time. Evolution Lab Evolution Lab The finches on Darwin and Wallace Islands feed on seeds produced by plants growing on these islands. There are three categories of seeds: soft seeds, produced by plants that do well under wet conditions; seeds that are intermediate in hardness, produced by plants that do best under moderate precipitation; and hard seeds, produced by plants that dominate in drought conditions.The lab is based on a model for the evolution of quantitative traits-characteristics of an individual that are controlled by large numbers of genes. These traits are studied by looking at the statistical distribution of the trait in populations and investigating how the distribution changes from one generation to the next. For the finches in Evolution Lab, the depth of the beak is the quantitative trait. I investigated how this trait changes under different biological and environmental conditions.I manipulated various biological parameters (initial mean beak size, heritability of beak size, variatio n in beak size, fitness, and clutch size) and one environmental parameter (precipitation) of the system, and observed changes in the distributions of beak size and population numbers over time. Assignment 2: The Influence of Precipitation on Beak Size and Population Number The first experiment is designed to study the influence of beak size on finch population numbers. For finches, deep beaks are strong beaks, ideally suited for cracking hard seeds, and shallow beaks are better suited for cracking soft seeds.I experimented first with the finches’ adaptation and evolution of their population over 300 years, and changed the Wallace birds beak size to 28mm, and Darwin’s birds stayed at the default of 12mm. I hypothesize a since there are more hard seeds (64%) on the islands than soft seeds (4%). The birds with the smaller beak (Darwin) will not be able to get enough food which may cause some of the birds to die, resulting in a decrease in the smaller beak bird’s po pulation and an increase in the larger beak (Wallace) birds population because of the larger beak size better able to eat hard seeds.Darwin: Red Wallace: Blue I observed that the Darwin birds (smaller beak) actually grew up to about 25mm, as well as the Darwin bird’s population grew over time. The Wallace bird’s beak stayed the same as well as the population stayed steady but grew. The data actually refutes my hypothesis because I didn’t expect the smaller beak sized birds to grow to adapt to the seeds, I expected them to die off. This next experiment is designed to explore the effect of precipitation on finch beak size and population numbers.The experiment was to see how a decrease in precipitation on Darwin Island might affect beak size and how a decrease in precipitation might influence population numbers for these finches over time. I hypothesize a decrease in rain will produce more hard seeds because the hard seeds favor drought conditions, while the other seeds will not increase. And the decrease in rain may only slightly cause the finch population to decrease at first, but then will increase and stay steady as the birds have time to adapt to the drought conditions and their beaks will evolve.I observed that the beak sized for Darwin’s birds supported my hypothesis in that the birds beak sized increased with time. And the population did what I thought too, in that it decreased at first and then increased steadily. I then ran another experiment for 200 and 300 years separately. I observed that the 200 years population and beaks did about the same as the 100 year experiment. Which still confirm my hypothesis. But the 300 years, the bird’s populations and beaks sizes on both islands increased, but that the Darwin birds eventually passed Wallace’s birds in population and beak sized.I then performed the same experiment for both Wallace Island and Darwin Island simultaneously. I noticed that the 100 and 200 years beak size and population both increased and, but Darwin’s birds were still behind Wallace island birds. But then at the 300 year both beaks and populations were almost the same increase. My hypothesis on how an increase in precipitation on Darwin will influence beak size is that the beak sizes should become smaller and more shallow because the increase in rain will make softer seeds and smaller, shallow beaks are better for soft seeds. And the bird’s population will increase..I observed just what I hypothesized – the beaks grew smaller and their populations grew huge. When I reran the experiment I observed that Wallace island birds also followed the similar growth for beaks and population as the Darwin birds. When I ran the experiment by increasing precipitation on Wallace Island to 50 cm/year and increasing beak size to 28 mm, for 300 years, I observed the beak sized actually decreased slightly and the population stayed steady and in line with the Darwin birds. Next experiment I decreased beak size on both of the islands to an intermediate value. I decreased rainfall on one island to a value close to zero.On the other island, I increase rainfall close to the maximum value and ran the experiment for 300 years. I observed different effects on each island. On the Darwin island with a medium beak size and almost no rain had increase in beak size and population. The Wallace birds with a medium beak size and lots of rain had a decrease in beak size and a steady increase in population. Assignment 4: Effect of Island Size My hypothesis for what effect an increase in island size will have on beak size and finch populations is that the beak size will have an increase and population will increase.I began my experiment by leaving all other parameters at their default values. Then changed the island size of Darwin to the highest it could go to 1km. The beak sized increased as predicted and so did the population increased. When I decreased island size, the beak size grew and the population dropped off first in the beginning but then increased with time. Based on previous experiments if I decrease the clutch size the birds populations will decrease a great deal. Also if I decrease the heritability parameter, and decrease clutch size the populations decrease – which looked like to the point of extinction.

Why vote 4 john kerry essays

Why vote 4 john kerry essays In the 2004 election between George W. Bush and John Kerry who would you vote for? My personal vote goes to John Kerry. I favor his opinions on death penalty, national relations, health care and education more so than the opinions of Bush. Here is the information about Kerry that I believe makes him the more qualified candidate.. John Kerry is against the death penalty in a society as advanced as we claim to be there is no need for such a inhumane act. He is supportive for new alliances to better national relations and lessen successful terroristic threats. Plans to modernize our military defenses to help protect our borders and shores. Also plans to free America from dependence on mideast oil. Another reason I would vote for Kerry is his views on health care. He plans to cover all Americans with quality care. He also intends to cut the cost of prescription drugs. He plans to help protect health by reducing dangerous air emissions. He is in favor of strict environmental regulations believing that the benefits out way the costs. Kerry also plans to meet responsibilities to schools. He will continue to reform and put a great teacher in every classroom. Plans to offer 3.5 million after-school opportunities through after school programs. Also wants to make college affordable for all and expand lifelong learning. In conclusion I believe that Kerry is the best candidate for the 2004 election. His views on national relations, health care and education set him above the proposals made by Bush. ...

Free Essays on Airborne Express Company Overview

Airborne Express Company Overview In a highly competitive industry the structure of a firm is very important to its success. Today firms are moving away from the centralized structure of the past, and adopting a more decentralized structure (Management Challenge in the 21st Century P 315). The air express industry is no exception. FedEx, the leader in the air express industry since the late eighties, is also leading U.P.S. in the race to becoming decentralized. Airborne Express, is not even in the race. In order to compete in today’s changing environment, Airborne Express needs to move away from it old fashion centralized structure and form a more decentralized structure. The old fashioned structure is not the only variable that makes Airborne the follower in the air express industry. The Internet and information systems are transforming the air express market into an electronic commerce market, and Airborne needs to transform its operations to meet this growing market. This report describes the strengths and weakness of the organizational structure of Airborne Express. Furthermore, it also gives recommendations for future changes in Airborne Express. The first section of this report addresses how the organization of the firm evolved, and what changes are taking place structurally in its industry. The second section discusses labor issues in the air express industry and how they affect Airborne Express. The Third section addresses the growing electronic commerce market and how it’s affecting the industry and Airborne Express. 1)Structure of Airborne Express During the eighties many air express companies were formed and many were destroyed. However, three companies came out of this highly competitive period on top. They were FedEx, U.P.S. and Airborne Express. Airborne survived this highly competitive period by adapting to the external forces affecting Airborne was the size of the competition. U.P.S. and Fe... Free Essays on Airborne Express Company Overview Free Essays on Airborne Express Company Overview Airborne Express Company Overview In a highly competitive industry the structure of a firm is very important to its success. Today firms are moving away from the centralized structure of the past, and adopting a more decentralized structure (Management Challenge in the 21st Century P 315). The air express industry is no exception. FedEx, the leader in the air express industry since the late eighties, is also leading U.P.S. in the race to becoming decentralized. Airborne Express, is not even in the race. In order to compete in today’s changing environment, Airborne Express needs to move away from it old fashion centralized structure and form a more decentralized structure. The old fashioned structure is not the only variable that makes Airborne the follower in the air express industry. The Internet and information systems are transforming the air express market into an electronic commerce market, and Airborne needs to transform its operations to meet this growing market. This report describes the strengths and weakness of the organizational structure of Airborne Express. Furthermore, it also gives recommendations for future changes in Airborne Express. The first section of this report addresses how the organization of the firm evolved, and what changes are taking place structurally in its industry. The second section discusses labor issues in the air express industry and how they affect Airborne Express. The Third section addresses the growing electronic commerce market and how it’s affecting the industry and Airborne Express. 1) Structure of Airborne Express During the eighties many air express companies were formed and many were destroyed. However, three companies came out of this highly competitive period on top. They were FedEx, U.P.S. and Airborne Express. Airborne survived this highly competitive period by adapting to the external forces affecting Airborne was the size of the competition. U.P.S. and Fe...

Risk Management Plan in Hospital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6750 words

Risk Management Plan in Hospital - Essay Example Increased stakeholder confidence and trust Improved corporate and clinical governance Issues Legal requirements Malpractice and avoiding them Medical record Rights of patients Patient safety Definitions Identification and analysis of practices, incidents, and situations in a hospital that can cause financial risks for the hospital and medical staff and to develop strategies that aim to eliminate, avoid, or minimize risks. Aims To manage risks to staff and medical staff. To manage risks to service quality To manage risks to efficient services To manage risks to quality of services To manage risks to safety of patients, caregivers, and visitors To manage risks of failure to meet national and local prioritised governmental targets To manage risks to the hospital reputationStep 1: Communicate and Consult Communication and consultation with internal and external stakeholders in all steps of the process. Communication and consultation necessary to Establish the context Identify risks Analyse risks Evaluate risks Treat risks Stakeholder Identification Chairperson Quality Management System Committee Approves integrated risk management plan Carries out risk management activities through communication with all medical committees Clinic, Departmental Heads, and Directors Risk management within Departments Ensures staff risk management education, processes, and policies Ensures staff support and compliance with risk management plan Medical and Hospital Staff Members Responsible for acquiring and maintenance of knowledge and practice skills for safe care of patients Responsible for delivery of patient, carer, and family education regarding safety in care Responsible for errors leading to risk and perceived risks once identified Patients and...In this assignment, a risk management plan in the hospital setting will be worked out based on the learning module and material. A seven-step guide to risk management approach will be utilised and a risk management plan will be developed according to AS/ANZ 4360:2004 as described in HB436:2004. Different departments, people, equipment, facilities and functions make up an organization. This is also applicable in a hospital. Integration of these diverse components are possible through leadership skills which consists of communication and consultation. Management of healthcare associated risks are best accomplished through teamwork and through basic understanding of the problems. Changes required must be continuously managed, and this should address new risks that are continuously presented in the hospital environment. Evidence from risk management literature indicates that adequate risk management involves development of system improvement. Approaches based on embedded p lanning cycle of plan, do, check, then act are needed to implement in an organised and stepwise fashion. Identification and analysis of practices, incidents, and situations in a hospital that can cause financial risks for the hospital and medical staff and to develop strategies that aim to eliminate, avoid, or minimize risks. The infection control nurse or the staff epidemiologist may provide information on patient infection and also may help the risk manager to understand protocols on

Evidence Based Practice amongst Physiotherapists. Attitudes, Essay

Evidence Based Practice amongst Physiotherapists. Attitudes, Knowledge, and Barriers - Essay Example Moreover, they consider reading of research literature as an important activity in their profession. But it is pointed out that there are some barriers which keep them away from reading research journals. In the concluding part, Kamwendo points out: â€Å"A cultural change within the profession, allowing more time for reading and discussing research reports should be encouraged.†(Kamwendo K, 2002) effective changes can be implemented in physiotherapy by allowing more time for reading and discussing research reports. Most of the Swedish physiotherapists like to read journals and other works in their own language. This prevents them to exploit the positive sides of EBP, because most of the journals published on EBP are in English. To conclude, it is important that most of the Swedish physiotherapists value EBP and research in physiotherapy. The research conducted by Diane U Jette, Kimberly Bacon, Cheryl Batty, Melissa Carlson, Amanda Ferland, Richard D Hemingway, Jessica C Hill, Laura Ogilvie and Danielle Volk, namely ‘Evidence-Based Practice: Beliefs, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behaviors of Physical Therapists’, states that the physical therapist members of American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) strongly supports the Evidence Based Practice (EBP) in their field. The hypothesis points out the close relation between quality and individual practice characteristics of physiotherapists. The respondents supported the importance of evidence in practice because they like to rely upon evidence than theory. The theories are applicable for the general field of medical care. But when it is applied to physiotherapy, practitioner had to consider so many individual factors related to the patient. Rich literature in EBP helps physiotherapists to provide better patient care. It is a fact that younger and recently lic ensed practitioners rely on research works and EBP to improve their skills. Furthermore, most of the

Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 11

Reflection Paper - Essay Example He compares the softness of the moving ship over the water surface to a soft and beautiful skin. However, other characters such as Ahab consider the ocean as deceptive because, under the smooth waters, there lain death in waiting. Ahab acknowledges the fact that the sea in reality is a tiger under the surface. The ocean is, therefore, more dangerous than the land. According to Ahab, the sea is a mirror of God, and it represents Him as hidden and terrible, whose nature is deadly. Starbuck looks at the ocean and God as a bride at her wedding. The professor got me thinking of the reason for Christmas was a new beginning, yet inverted. For instance, Ahab thinks of the sea as a revenge because that is what he was up to during the journey for religious quest. The sea is therefore a revenge, not healing as quoted in line 536 (Melville 450). â€Å"†¦..Loveliness unfathomable, as ever lover saw in his young bride’s eye!—Tell me not of thy teeth tiered sharks, and thy kidnapping cannibal ways. Let faith oust fact; let fancy oust memory; I look deep down and do believe.†(Melville 451). Ahab asserts that the sea is too ambiguous and vicious for coherent faith, with our attraction to it infinite and unexplored. There are two things I noted out of these words, first the fact that God is inexplicable and second that religion is a faithful expression. For this case, the people at sea are trading a religious journey in which everything is a duality. Death lingers in lives of individuals, which kept me thinking about the whiteness of the whale. After a reflection on the readings, I discovered that such a question would be a distinction between good and evil according to our perception. Why were the whales both white and black? Why use the sea and not land? The answer lies in the nature of duality of religion. Sometime before birth, in the beginning, there is always the light that is the blinding light representing the

Why pantomime appeals to the whole family Essay Example for Free

Why pantomime appeals to the whole family Essay Modern pantomimes are predominately aimed at children and are usually based on well known childrens fairy tails such as Aladdin, Puss in boots, Little red riding hood, Cinderella and Snow white and the seven dwarfs. Although many adults do admit they enjoy accompanying their children to the pantomime and therefore pantomime can appeal to all the family for different reasons. Characters usually seen in Pantomime would include a hero, a wicked queen, the dame of which would be played by a male member of the cast dressed in drag the dames entrances would also be more extravagant and exaggerated than any other character, the audiences friend for example Buttons in Cinderella who always expects a response from the audience on appearance and finally the fool which is a character who is stupid and cant do anything right. As you can tell from the set up of characters Pantomime is most definitely a night of comedy. Pantomime is also made up of plenty of audience participation. The audience participation is required in several parts of pantomime such as pointing out mischievous or bad characters behind the principal characters by shouting out lines such as Its behind you! of course the baddy will always be gone by the time the character looks around meaning the process be repeated over and over again. The characters will always speak out to the audience several times during the performance expecting a response. In the middle of the Pantomime the characters may stop and announce birthdays within the audience making the audience sing happy birthday and also bringing members of the audience on to the stage, they may also show song lyrics making the audience sing in two halves to form a competition. Also included will be jokes or comedy of which are aimed at the adults in the audience which the children may not understand but adults will find funny. All of the above may be considered as family entertainment because of the whole of the audience having to participate, children and adults are included in the song competitions adults may be required to sing separately to the children. Songs included in the performance are usually from different eras meaning different aged people from the audience can relate to them. The nature of the set is very colourful and exaggerated to represent the fairy tail and catch the audiences attention. Most Pantomimes shown at places such as the Marlowe in Canterbury and the Hazlitt theatre in Maidstone will include famous actors in their Pantomime to attract an audience; this is also more likely to attract older viewers. Pantomime is made for all the family because although it is specifically aimed at children, parents, brothers and sisters and nans and grandads are always going to get dragged along too the secret is they actually enjoy it , I mean everyone enjoys a fairytale dont they? Weve all seen and heard of fairytales when we were younger Pantomime just adds a bit of comedy and enjoyment to them. Overall I think Pantomime is something for the whole family to look forward to every year at Christmas its entertaining and a fun performance to participate in, if youre a parent its great to see your children having fun and enjoying the performance as well as entertainment and comedy for yourself. Every Pantomime is different even if it is the same fairytale you can guarantee it wont be exactly the same as the one you saw the year before. Children can buy flashing lights etc to wave in the audience, I think Pantomime offers something for everyone of the family and is a great success within the UK for this.

Essay --

Electronic game is a famous entertainment among human no matter in which ages, the transformation design of video games and computer games had gone through a lot of changes since the first ever invented. The difference between the video and computer games is not much but the physical appearance. Video game is built through devices with a console that require a television to be played with. Compare to computer game that required a computer to run the games and with features of online gaming which video game doesn’t support. Computer game allow players to interactive to each other when play online while video game only allow interaction between friends and family. Over the years, computer games become popular compare to video games because of the variety games supported by computer where video games only support by one system and only applicable on their own game creation. Video game is an electronic gaming that display on a video display or television screen or the latest devices such as PSP and Nintendo. In the early 40s, the world first video games called â€Å"Cathode-Ray Tube Amusement† had been invented by Thomas T. goldsmith Jr. and Estle R. Mann that made a starting point to video games. The evolution of video game had been transform from graphic paper till the 2D graphic and better 3D graphic such as Microsoft XBOX, Wii and Sony Play Station. On the other hand, computer game known as PC game had not much different than video game which computer game is design to be use on a computer but not a video display television screen with keyboard as the controller. The first computer game was invented on 1952 called â€Å"TicTacToe† by A.S. Douglas on an EDSAC vacuum-tube computer. Recently in the past few years, this gaming field had be... ...t game presence positive impact on students. They conduct the research with a computer based game call â€Å"Fire Captain† that allow student to comprehend the role as a fire fighter. The result had brought out a conclusion where students who played the game beneficially learned problem solving skills, increase critical thinking and better understanding as a role of fire fighter. In addition, educational gaming guide students to a better management skills and earlier age of leadership practice through the game. On the other hand, video and computer games powerfully changed the world trend where children nowadays cannot live without a technological devices or computers game. This issue had become concerned among parents and societies where games might consists potential harmful materials such as violence, aggressive and over fascinating towards games.

Ap Economics

Component #1: Terms scarcity-The basic condolence problem that arises because people have unlimited wants but resources are limited. Americans In recent years had to cut back on lavish goods because of the scarcity of money. Economics- The science that deals with the production, dilutions, and consumption of goods and services, or the material welfare of humankind. Economics involves many issues in the economy of the country and world, from politics to money. Efficiency-A broad term that implies an economic state in which every resource is optimally allocated to serve each person in the best way while minimizing waste and Inefficiency.Economic efficiency can be used In microeconomics when discussing p rod Lice Equity- The property tot distributing economic prosperity fairly among the members of society. If the rich contribute more In taxes, there would be a bigger distribution of equity. Opportunity Cost- The money or other benefits lost when pursuing a particular course tot action I nstead tot a mutually-exclusive alternative. Our companies 3rd quarter opportunity costs were extensive and will take awhile to recover Incentive-A cost or benefit that motivates a decision or action by consumers, businesses, or other participants In the economy.The Incentive for a new CEO turned UT to be quite beneficial. Productivity-A measure relating a quantity or quality tot output to the inputs required to produce It. If productivity continues to fall, our profits will soon follow. Inflation-The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services is rising, and, subsequently, purchasing power Is falling. The current low Interest rates for bank loans risks Inflation of the dollar. Business Cycle- A cycle or series tot cycles tot economic expansion and contraction.The current business cycle Is bad, leading the CEO to make a few cutbacks Microeconomics-The part of economics about single factors and the effects of individual decisions. Microeconomics can be applied in budgets, businesses, politics, and finances to determine trends of Individual consumers. Macroeconomics-The part of economics concerned with large-scale or general economic factors, such as Interest rates and national productivity. When seen on a macroeconomic point tot view, nigh productivity can boost, rather than reduce, economic growth.Demand-An economic principle that describes a consumer's desire and willingness to pay a price for a specific good or service. As Apple moves forward in revolutionize electronics, the demand for their products rises. Supply-A fundamental economic concept that describes the total amount of a specific DOD or service that is available to consumers. The high supply of oil was beneficial to the economy due to the sudden decrease of foreign oil imports. Component #2: Problems 1) Describe some trade-offs faced by each of the following: a) A family deciding whether to buy a new car.A family that is deciding to buy a car might have to face, depending on t he expense of the car and financial status of the family, major cut backs on money to afford it. These cutbacks might affect unnecessary things like: dining out, doing expensive activities, vacations, etc. This all deals with scarcity; the family wants a new car, but might not have the financial meaner to do so. B) A member of Congress deciding how much to spend on national parks. A member of congress deciding how much to spend on national parks has plenty of trade offs.The funding of the park is determined by many things including incentives, demand, and opportunity cost. If congress were to fund national parks more they may have to cut funding to other causes, but if they cut funding to the parks, then the money gained could go into a better cause. C) A company president deciding whether to open a new factory. If a company president were to pen a new factory, the demand for that companies product would have to be high. However, for the president to open up a different facility, he may have to make cut backs on employees in the current facility for budget purposes.If the president decides not to open a new factory, this might lead to low efficiency and slow down the expansion of productivity. D)A teacher deciding how much to prepare for class. If a teacher were to prepare minimally for class, he/she may run into a very busy schedule somewhere down the road. However, if the teacher were to plan accordingly and periodically, he/she would be able to be properly prepared for the lass. If this were to happen, the teacher would have less pressure for assignments. This all has to deal with efficiency, productivity, and incentive.The teachers incentive is to not be deleted with class preparations, so he/she would nave to work efficiently to reach the optimum productivity. 2) Discuss each of the following statements from the standpoints of equity and efficiency. A) â€Å"Everyone in society should be guaranteed the best healthcare possible. † If everyone were t o be guaranteed the best healthcare possible, efficiency would have to be very high to have the capability to divide healthcare among the population. Right now it would be hard to do because we don't have high economic prosperity to spread.This could very well never happen because equity and efficiency clash when it comes to government policies. The reason they clash is because when the government tries to spread wealth evenly, efficiency shrinks. B) â€Å"When workers are laid off, they should be able to collect unemployment benefits until they find a new Job. † When workers receive unemployment, they are getting a cut of the economic pie which is equity. During these times when unemployment is high, the size of the economic pie, efficiency, is small because the overspent is distributing a large amount money to the unemployed.If the government were to issue unemployment until they find a Job it would cause an economic down fall. People are sitting around getting paid, why wo uld they go out and get a Job, it is something else that people will Just take advantage of, like welfare. So, in essence, it would end up hurting the government more than it would help. 3) In what ways is your standard of living different from that of your parent's or grandparent's when they were you age? Why have these changes occurred? There has been a big change in the standard of living even from my parent's time to owe let alone when my grandparent's were my age.We are now living in a technological age where everything is documented, sent, communicated, and even surveyed on electronics. People in the ass's (when my parent's were my age) were lucky to have their own television let alone a cell phone or car. Nowadays, teens have cars, TV's laptops, smoothness, etc. At their fingertips to use at their command. Back then not very many people had the resources or meaner to obtain electronic devices. Many of the things we have now, my grandparent's didn't. My grandmother didn't even have an electric oven, she had a coal one to cook on.When my grandfather came here off of the boat, he got a Job paying 23 cents an hour. So, its not only material things that have changed in the standard of living, but wages too. People are paid so much more now than in the ass's, but with the raise of wages, brought along inflation. These changes have occurred because of the changes in education and regulations. People now more than ever are going to college to get a degree in whatever it is they want to pursue. With knowledge comes better products that are more efficient and easier to use.With the change in regulations came changes in minimum wage, laws, and codes that have to be kept up with. Component Applications (See next full page for article) This article posted by The New York Times states that although unemployment is lowering, it is doing it in a rather slow and steady pace. Stocks prices have risen and are staying high along with mortgage loans and many others. Since t he Job market is growing at a slow rate, banks are now going to start raising interest and lengthening loan terms.As anticipated, the economy is expanding in the right ways. If as many lobs are created in July and August as they were in June, then the economy is on the dad to recovery. The Principal of Economics in which this would apply most to would be number 10 (Society Faces a Short-run Trade-off between Inflation and Unemployment. The reason that this article applies specifically to this principle is because in the article it is explained that unemployment is lowering and because of that, interest rates are rising.This explains the short-run trade-offs. Also, since unemployment is lowering, inflation will occur because they will now have the money to buy goods and services. Nntp:/ . Anytime. Com/201 06/business/economy-adds-1 Jobs-as- unemployment-rate-remains-at-7-6. HTML? Ref=desperate;_r=O Steady Growth AS U. S. Games 195,000 New Jobs data on Friday offered hope for this elu sive middle ground in the economy, as the Federal Reserve wrestles with when to ease its stimulus efforts without endangering the recovery and the markets.The pace of Job creation in June was sufficient to please investors and keep the central bank on course to slowly begin pulling back on its major bond-buying program this fall. But the Job gains were muted enough to calm worries of an abrupt exit by the Fed, a fear that has weighed on the markets lately. The employment report, which showed the economy added 195,000 Jobs, was the first since the Fed chairman, Ben S. Brenan, said in June that policy makers were ready to begin tapering the stimulus later this year if the labor market continued to improve.The Jobless rate was unchanged, at 7. 6 percent. The timing of the Fed action is critical. The central banks program of buying $85 billion a month in Treasury securities and mortgage-backed bonds has not only kept long- term interest rates low for borrowers, including big companies a s well as individual home buyers, it has also helped prop up Wall Street. The possibility that the Fed sight move more quickly than expected to dial back the program has prompted investors to sell both stocks and bonds in the last six weeks and has raised rates on mortgages and other loans.Buoyed by the promise of moderate economic growth and a slow but steady tapering on the part of the Fed, traders pushed the stock market higher on Friday, with major indexes gaining about 1 percent. The 195,000 lobs added in June was significantly above the 165,000 monthly pace analysts had been expecting. And the government sharply revised upward figures for Job gains in April and May, increasing the average monthly gain in the first half of 2013 to 202,000 bobs. But the picture painted by the data hardly reflected a booming economy.The unemployment rate, which is based on a different survey from the one that tracks Job creation, remained stuck at 7. 6 percent, far higher than the historical patt ern for this stage of a recovery. Other measures of Joblessness actually rose, with the broadest one that includes workers forced to accept part-time positions Jumping to 14. 3 percent, from 13. 8 percent. â€Å"Beyond the headline numbers for Job growth, it gets a little more mixed,† said Jan Hiatus, chief economist at Goldman Cash. â€Å"There is still a lot of slack in the labor market.Although the economy has held up better than some analysts expected in the face of tax increases and automatic cuts in federal spending this year, overall growth in economic output NAS also been tepid economy grew at an annual rate of 1. 8 percent in the first quarter, short of what's needed to quickly lower the unemployment rate. Still, the Job figures for June were enough to prompt Mr.. Hiatus and other leading economists on Wall Street to predict that the Fed could announce a shift in policy in September, rather than waiting until December. This was a solid report and it will be seen by the Fed as fully consistent tit tapering in September,† said Dean Make, chief United States economist at Barclay. In addition, Mr.. Make noted, average hourly earnings rose 2. 2 percent year- over-year, a pace that is near a high for this recovery. Before setting a firm date, Fed policy makers will be closely watching to see if the Job market maintains momentum through July and August. â€Å"It's not a done deal in September, Just more likely,† Mr.. Hiatus said. That was benign enough for traders on Friday. The Standard ; Poor's stock index rose 16. 8, or 1. 02 percent, to 1,631. 89, while the DOD Jones industrial average Jumped 147. 9, or 0. 98 percent, to 15,135. 84, and the Nasdaq gained 35. 71, or 1. 04 percent, to finish the day at 3,479. 38. In the bond market, interest rates moved higher, as investors dumped debt on anticipation of faster growth and quicker Fed action. The 10-year Treasury note fell 1 30/32, to 91 17/32, while its yield Jumped to 2. 74 percent, f rom 2. 50 percent late Wednesday. The Feeds stance has bolstered long- term rates, but the central bank is expected to keep short-term rates low at least until 2015.Component #4: Journal Entry 1: Uh-oh: Americans favor cash over stocks for long-term investments http:// none. CNN. Com/2013/07/29/investing/cash-investments/index. HTML? Did=HP_LEN http:// MN. Wanders. Com/ (definitions) Even Though we are on a slow track to an economic recovery, people still have a mind-set that the economy is in recession. So, instead of people investing in long term investments, gold, stocks, real estate, etc. They are keeping it away in savings with very low interest rates. In a 2013 Banknote survey, over 26% of Americans prefer cash for long term investments.Getting cash for long term investments might not be such a good idea seeing as how you might come up short in the long run when it moms to education, children, and even retirement. Interest rate is a widely used term but many might not know the true definition of the word. The percentage of a sum of money charged for its use is the definition of interest rate. An investment is something you put time or money into to hopefully get something out of it in the future. This article is pretty much all about investments.Entry 2 The Senate on Wednesday approved a bipartisan deal that ensures lower interest rates on loans for students heading to college this fall. Http://money. CNN. Com/ 2013/07/24/news/economy/senate-student-loans/index. HTML http:// On July 24th the senate decided that bringing down interest rates on student loans was something they needed to do. On July 1st of this year, a new interest rate was set a 6. 8%, but was cut in half now at 3. 86%. This 3. 86% interest is not going to hold over the years anticipating the growth of the economy. Students are to expect a 1% interest increase every year reaching 7% in the year of 2017.Although, there are requirements and provisions to applying for these low interest rates many people qualify for them. The students loan can not be a private loan but instead a Stafford In these improving economic times many things are changing, for example interest rates for students. After reading this article I gained the knowledge of knowing that the senate passed on lowering the rates to 3. 86. I am attending college the following year after I graduate and it is important that I know these things so I can plan accordingly. There were some words that I didn't know and one of them was provisions.A provision is an arrangement or preparation beforehand. Another word I was unsure of was subsidize, meaning pay part of the cost of producing (something) to reduce prices for the buyer. Another term I was unsure was a Stafford Loan; this is a student loan offered to eligible students enrolled in accredited American institutions of higher education. Entry 3: http://money. CNN. Com/2013/07/1 5/investing/stocks-markets/index. HTML www. Answers. Com (definitions) Stocks gain as earnings come into focus For this week in the economy world the DOD and NASDAQ closed at record highs in over a decade. Both stocks bumped up about 0. %, Just enough to set a new record. However, the companies in S;P 500 are expected to have a lower than ever growth. Coming in at less than 0. 1% for the quarter. Although companies under S;P 500 are optimistic to beat the low expectations to come. Along with the growth in the DOD and NASDAQ comes the New York Federal Reserve which rose 1. 8% in the region of manufacturing. Some stocks are projected to better in the coming quarters of the year; but some others, not so much. Since economics is mostly about stocks, government, and economy, I decided to pick this article to get a better idea on all of those perspectives.I learned particularly from this article that stocks for this quarter in the year are better than expected, but others are projected to have little growth. I also learned some new vocabulary words. Federal Reserve is a w ord that was not so much new to me, but not fully understood. The Federal Reserve is the banking authority in the US that implements functions of the central banking system. The next next term I learned isn't so much a word, but a department. The Census Bureau, something that gives demographic information to the people of the United States.There weren't many new words or phrases learned trot this pa Entry 4: reticular article, rather intimation on the current stock situations. Http://management. Fortune. CNN. Com/2013/07/0314-reasons-to-stay- in-your-current- bob-for-now/ wry. Answers. Com/ 4 reasons to stay in your current Job (for now) For those who are looking to quit their Job and find a new one, hang in there a little longer. In this article, it is stated that although the economy is growing, stock are rising, and interest rates are higher, you should stay in your current Job for now.The article is backed up with reliable statistics that shows unemployment dropping (at a slow r ate). A survey says that about 64% of Americans have gotten a Job offer from a different company in the last year. The quitting rate for Jobs in April was 39% when he unemployment was a little higher than usual. The first of the four reasons to keep the current Job you are in is â€Å"It is still a buyers market and competition is fierce. † The next reasoning is â€Å"New hires are under pressure. † The third reason, a rather good one, â€Å"Last hired, first fired. And lastly, â€Å"Different isn't always better. † This article was a rather large one, packed with good information on the condition of the economy and projections on the economy. I learned that the unemployed are more optimistic than they were two years ago when applying for a Job. I also learned why people should wait to switch Jobs until the economy is growing at a faster rate. The word â€Å"feeler† was new to me, meaning a proposal intended to ascertain an attitude or opinion. Another t erm that I wasn't familiar with was compensation package.This is the combination of salary and benefits that a company is will to offer to applicants and employees. Entry 5: http://money. CNN. Com/2013/06/18/if/healthcare-costs/index. HTML . Answers. Com/ Health care costs to slow in 2014 Many people in the US are going on without healthcare. This is a serious risk financially and physically to themselves and their family. Although, health care wont save everyone from the rise in doctor visits, drugs, and surgeries. When the AC (Affordable Care Act) fully kicks in during the year of 2014, insurance rates for health care providers will raise 6. %. This spike in the rate is typically used by insurers to set premiums. Treatments for MS and cancer are expected to Jump the most at 22% in 2014. This news is making consumers change their behavior. Many people have switched to less-expensive health care services such as walk in clinics and urgent care units. I gained awareness in this artic le that the cost for insurance will rise along with he cost of the actual drugs and services. There were no new terms that were learned, it was mostly things happening in the health care system that are changing.I learned also that many people have switched from hospitals to clinics because of the cost. Along with that, people are limiting doctor visits and delaying procedures. Many people are outraged at the spike in rates, and aren't sure its a good plan. Entry 6 http://money. CNN. Com/2013/07/16/news/economy/ICP-inflation/index. .Answers. Com Prices climb in June, but annual inflation still tame In the month of June inflation rose 0. 5%, this has been the biggest rise in inflation nice Feb.. Of this year. Economists took this as a surprise seeing as how they predicted a somewhat lower rise at 0. %. Economists say that other indicators show that inflation remains docile of the long run. Prices of goods and services are up only 1. 8% since last year, that increase is considered con sistent for a slow economic growth. The core inflation for food and gas was up only 1. 6%, the smallest it has been since June 2011. In this article I learned that in the month of June, inflation was at a low rate, but higher than expected. I also learned that the inflation rate right now is ere good because that meaner the country is on track to a slow economic recovery.Some words that I didn't know or was not too sure of were : Federal Reserve, Hyperinflation, and manifest. The Federal Reserve is a word that I know of, but the true definition is a System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D. C. And twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. Hyperinflation is Just what it sounds like, inflation at a rather fast paced rate. And lastly the work manifest, this word meaner clearly or known. Component #6: Paper